Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Surgery

Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, sometimes referred to as otorhinolaryngology, is a classified medical surgical specialisation that deals with ENT conditions and associated head and neck structures. The facility's claim to fame is that it offers head and neck surgery (otolaryngology – head and neck surgery, or OHNS). Otolaryngologists, ENT doctors, or head and neck specialists are recognised as authorities in this field who exhibit great expertise. Patients seek an otorhinolaryngologist's diagnosis for head, nose, mouth, and skull base vomiting, as well as for surgical treatment of infections and heart and neck tumours.Bi.polar Disorder in Children.

• Down syndrome


• Learning Disabilities (LD)


• Autism Spectrum Disorders


• Attention.Deficit Disorder (ADD)


• Cosmetic facial surgery


• Upper airway obstruction


• Cosmetic facial surgery


• Scalp surgery

Treatment of problems involving the hard and soft tissues of the face, mouth, and jaws is done through oral and maxillofacial surgery. It is distinct and calls for dual training in dental anaesthesia and medicine. It frequently serves as a link between dentistry and medicine for the treatment of problems that demand knowledge from both disciplines. Maxillofacial surgeons lay a solid foundation for restorative and cosmetic dental procedures.Biopsies

• Removal of lesions


• Diagnosis and treatment of oral cancers


• Facial pain and infection


• Diagnosis and management of dentofacial deformities


• Salivary gland diseases


• Pediatric craniofacial and cleft surgery

Cheiloschisis is the separation of the best parts of the mouth from the upper lip's structure, and orofacial separation is the range from those parts. The two imperfections might coexist. One of the most usually recognised characteristic misshapenings is the separation of an uneven inborn lip. The goal of the surgery is to improve the patients' capability to eat, speak, hear, and breathe while helping them regain their normal capacity and appearance. The members of the group that collaborates to enhance the patients' intrinsic private fulfilment include otolaryngologists, oromaxillofacial specialists, plastic experts, dietitians, and speech pathologists.

Heart and blood vessel disease, also known as cardiovascular disease, is a condition in which the walls of arteries are filled with or blocked by a substance called plaque, widening the arteries and increasing the risk of a blood clot, which stops the blood flow and results in a heart attack or blow.

• Pericarditis


• Coronary Artery Diseases


• Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism


• Venous Thrombosis


• Rheumatic Heart Diseases


• Rheumatic Heart Diseases

The discipline of pediatric neurology, also called child neurology, includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerve and muscle affecting infants, children and teenagers. The variety of patients seen by a child neurologist varies from those with common, relatively straightforward conditions, such as cerebral palsy or migraine, to those with uncommon or intricate conditions, such as metabolic or degenerative disorders. This vital variety of conditions permits child neurologists to structure their scientific or clinical careers according to their clinical or research interests.

Pediatric dentistry is a branch of medicine that looks after young children's oral health from their early development through adolescence. It is a right to fame that modifies conventional dentistry policies and practises to provide comprehensive preventative and corrective verbal human services for children.

• Malocclusion


• Chronic infection


• Dental trauma


• Pulpal and Periapical Lesions

Problems with the gastrointestinal tract's organs are treated by GI surgery. The body's digestive system is in charge of breaking down food and obtaining the nutrients required for survival. The mouth, oesophagus (the food tube), and stomach are all parts of the GI system.

A branch of ophthalmology known as paediatric ophthalmology focuses on treating vision problems and treating eye conditions in young patients.

Any surgical treatment done on your teeth, gums, jaws, or other oral tissues is referred to as oral surgery. This covers jaw procedures, implants, gum grafts, and extractions. A periodontist or an oral and maxillofacial surgeon typically performs oral surgery. These are dental experts who have received specialised training in performing oral surgeries.

Children organ transplantation is recognised as the preferred course of care since it has significantly increased survival and the management of pathological diseases in paediatric populations with end-stage organ failure that are resistant to therapeutic therapies.

Pediatric surgery is a surgical subspecialty that focuses on treating children of all ages, including infants, toddlers, and young adults. Pediatric surgeons are medical professionals with a focus on paediatric surgery.

A wide range of surgical diseases and disorders that affect children must be treated with proper emergency surgery as the only way to preserve life, prevent or lessen impairment, or provide palliation in paediatric surgical emergency conditions. This study's goal is to examine the pattern, results, and factors influencing how paediatric surgical emergencies are handled at Tikur Anbesa Hospital.

A paediatric subspecialty called neonatology deals with newborns, sick infants, and premature infants. Pediatricians who specialise in neonatology treat conditions such preterm birth, severe illness, birth absconds, intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weight, sepsis, respiratory organ abnormalities, and physiological birth status. They have received specialised training to handle the most challenging and hazardous situations. Perinatal care is vital for newborns. Perinatology focuses on the embryo and, as a result, the intricate prosperity circumstances that develop over time.

• Neonatal Sepsis
• Neonatal Stroke

Pediatric urologists are doctors who specialise in treating children's genital and urinary issues. A paediatric urologist is qualified and experienced to treat your child if they have a condition affecting their genitalia or urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, or bladder).

A paediatric emergency medicine doctor provides immediate recognition, evaluation, care, stabilisation, and disposal of infants and children in the event of an acute illness or injury. Recent decades have seen a sharp rise in childhood obesity, which poses a severe threat to the health and wellbeing of today's youngsters. A worse quality of life is caused by a number of cardiac metabolic consequences that are associated with childhood obesity. The best care for this vulnerable patient population depends on the application of a multidisciplinary care strategy and best practise guidelines.

Due to the spread of the coronavirus sickness, children are experiencing physical separation, quarantines, and nationwide school closings (COVID-19). Children could feel more uncertain, alone, bored, or anxious. The virus's effects on their family may cause them to feel fear and grief. Children of all ages will become ill from COVID-19. The majority of infected youngsters, however, do not become as ill as adults, and some do not exhibit any symptoms at all. Immune systems of people should be boosted starting in childhood. 

• Vaccination in Neonate
• Immunity

A Cardiovascular Perfusionist is a specialized healthcare professional who operates the heart-lung machine during cardiac surgery. They are responsible for managing the patient's physiological and metabolic needs while the heart is temporarily stopped for surgical procedures.

Here are some key aspects of a Cardiovascular Perfusionist's role and responsibilities:

Heart-Lung Machine Operation: The primary duty of a Cardiovascular Perfusionist is to set up, operate, and monitor the heart-lung machine, also known as the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) machine. This device takes over the functions of the heart and lungs, circulating and oxygenating the patient's blood during open-heart surgery.

Blood Management: The perfusionist ensures that the patient's blood is appropriately anticoagulated, oxygenated, and maintained at the right temperature and pressure. They monitor blood gas levels, pH balance, and electrolyte levels to maintain the patient's pcysiological stability.

Anesthesia Support: Perfusionists work closely with the anesthesiologist to administer and manage medications, particularly those related to blood pressure regulation and anesthesia during surgery.

Patient Monitoring: They closely monitor the patient's vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation levels, throughout the surgical procedure. Perfusionists also monitor the patient's overall fluid balance and make adjustments as necessary.

Equipment Management: Perfusionists are responsible for the maintenance, calibration, and troubleshooting of the heart-lung machine and other related equipment. They ensure that the equipment is functioning correctly and ready for use in surgical procedures.

Collaborative Teamwork: Cardiovascular Perfusionists work as part of a multidisciplinary team, which may include cardiac surgeons, anesthesiologists, nurses, and other healthcare professionals. They communicate and collaborate effectively to ensure the best possible care for the patient.

Safety and Emergency Preparedness: Perfusionists are trained to handle potential complications or emergencies during cardiac surgery. They are skilled in managing issues such as blood loss, air embolism, and other critical situations that may arise during the procedure.

Pediatric engineering, a rapidly expanding and fascinating area, addresses these specific needs of paediatric patients by using biomedical engineering and design principles and planning for the rapid development from neonatal to young adult stages.

Children's medical technology and treatment practises have not kept up with adult advancements. Hence, there is a clear need for developing innovative therapeutic approaches, including technologies and therapeutic techniques, specifically for the special requirements of juvenile patients.